Sources
Full bibliography, grouped by claim type
Direct answer
Every numbered marginal citation on this site resolves to one of the entries below. Primary derivations are the original papers; modern references are the textbooks now used to teach the field; industry anchors back any non-math claim (carrying cost percent, 3PL pricing, food-loss percentages).
Primary derivations (Wilson EOQ, EPQ, multi-item joint)
- Harris, F.W. (1913). How Many Parts to Make at Once. Factory, The Magazine of Management, 10(2), pp. 135-136, 152.https://doi.org/10.1287/opre.38.6.947
- Wilson, R.H. (1934). A Scientific Routine for Stock Control. Harvard Business Review, 13(1), pp. 116-128.https://hbr.org/archive-toc/1934
- Andler, K. (1929). Rationalisierung der Fabrikation und optimale Losgroesse. Oldenbourg, Munich.https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andlersche_Losgr%C3%B6%C3%9Fenformel
- Taft, E.W. (1918). The Most Economical Production Lot. Iron Age, 101, pp. 1410-1412.https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/000497912
- Hadley, G., Whitin, T.M. (1963). Analysis of Inventory Systems. Prentice-Hall.https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/000462317
- Wagner, H.M., Whitin, T.M. (1958). Dynamic Version of the Economic Lot Size Model. Management Science, 5(1), pp. 89-96.https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.5.1.89
- Silver, E.A. (1976). A simple method of determining order quantities in joint replenishments under deterministic demand. Management Science, 22(12).https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.22.12.1351
- Ghare, P.M., Schrader, G.F. (1963). A model for an exponentially decaying inventory. Journal of Industrial Engineering, 14, pp. 238-243.https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-industrial-engineering_1963_14
- Croston, J.D. (1972). Forecasting and Stock Control for Intermittent Demands. Operational Research Quarterly, 23(3), pp. 289-303.https://doi.org/10.1057/jors.1972.50
Modern references and textbooks
- Silver, E.A., Pyke, D.F., Thomas, D.J. (2017). Inventory and Production Management in Supply Chains, 4th ed., CRC Press.https://www.routledge.com/Inventory-and-Production-Management-in-Supply-Chains/Silver-Pyke-Thomas/p/book/9781466558618
- Nahmias, S. (2009). Production and Operations Analysis, 6th ed., McGraw-Hill.https://www.mheducation.com/highered/product/production-operations-analysis-nahmias/M9780073377858.html
- Ohno, T. (1988). Toyota Production System: Beyond Large-Scale Production. Productivity Press.https://www.routledge.com/Toyota-Production-System-Beyond-Large-Scale-Production/Ohno/p/book/9780915299140
Definitions and glossaries
- APICS Dictionary, 16th ed. (2019). ASCM (Association for Supply Chain Management).https://www.ascm.org/learning-development/certifications-credentials/dictionary/
- CSCMP Supply Chain Management Definitions and Glossary of Terms.https://cscmp.org/CSCMP/Educate/SCM_Definitions_and_Glossary_of_Terms.aspx
- Wikipedia. Economic Order Quantity.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_order_quantity
Industry-anchor sources (carrying cost, 3PL fees, accounting)
- REM Associates. Methodology of Calculating Inventory Carrying Costs.https://www.remassoc.com/portals/0/inventory_carrying_costs.pdf
- Shopify Retail. Inventory Carrying Cost: Formula and Examples.https://www.shopify.com/retail/inventory-carrying-cost
- ShipBob Pricing (storage and receiving fee schedule).https://www.shipbob.com/pricing/
- QuickBooks Online. Run inventory reports in QuickBooks Online.https://quickbooks.intuit.com/learn-support/en-us/help-article/inventory/run-inventory-reports-quickbooks-online/L8aLOjcQy_US_en_US
- USDA Economic Research Service. Food Loss data.https://www.ers.usda.gov/data-products/food-loss
Priority history
- Erlenkotter, D. (1990). Ford Whitman Harris and the Economic Order Quantity Model. Operations Research, 38(6), pp. 937-946.https://doi.org/10.1287/opre.38.6.937
Site / legal
- UK Information Commissioner's Office (ICO). Guide to Data Protection.https://ico.org.uk/for-organisations/
Inventory software vendor references (verified June 2026)
Where the site mentions specific ERP / inventory products as places EOQ logic shows up in practice, the pricing references are below. Sources verified 20 June 2026 from the vendor pages cited.
- Cin7 (Cin7 Core)Cin7 Core Standard at $349 per month (5 users, 6,000 annual sales orders, 2 integrations, unlimited locations).https://www.cin7.com/pricing/Verified 2026-07-25
- Zoho InventoryFree plan with 50 orders per month, 1 user, 2 locations. Cheapest paid plan is Standard at £25 per month (about $31) for 500 orders and 2 users.https://www.zoho.com/inventory/pricing/Verified 2026-07-25
- Fishbowl InventoryEssentials at $229 per month billed annually (2 users, inventory tracking, item and SKU management, cycle counts).https://www.fishbowlinventory.com/pricingVerified 2026-07-25
- Oracle NetSuiteNo published list price. Resellers commonly cite around $999 per month base for a small SuiteSuccess Starter footprint plus $99 per user per month, with Advanced Inventory and Demand Planning extra.https://www.netsuite.com/portal/products/erp/inventory-management.shtmlVerified 2026-06-20
- SAP S/4HANANo published list price; RISE with SAP S/4HANA Cloud public edition starts in the low five-figures per year for a small footprint per partner sources, scaling with FUE (Full Use Equivalent) user counts.https://help.sap.com/docs/SAP_S4HANA_ON-PREMISE/f899ce30af0f4ee0a4bd128cb14e1d2e/4d8a195339af412de10000000a174cb4.htmlVerified 2026-06-20
- Odoo (Inventory + Manufacturing)Community edition free (self-hosted). Odoo Online starts at $0 for one app, then $24.90 per user per month (Standard) or $37.40 per user per month (Custom) for multi-app deployments.https://www.odoo.com/pricing-planVerified 2026-07-25